Vowel-length neutralization at word-final edges: A prominence-based account*
نویسنده
چکیده
日本語では母音の長さが弁別性を持っている。そのため我々は母音の長さにより単語 を区別できる。(例:ほら vs. ホラ ー / サブ vs. サーブ 等)しかし一部の語彙クラス・ 形態構造では、語末位置で母音の長短の対立が解消されることが知られている。例えば 単純語短縮語では、語末位置では長母音が現れることができず、短母音のみが生起でき る。(例:マネージャ ー → マネ(*マネー) グリーティング → グリ(*グリー))こう した語末位置での長短の対立の中和は、一部の外来語や複合語短縮語でも見られる。こ れらの中和現象に関する先行研究は現象の記述及び一般化に関しては十分であるが、2 つの問題が残されている:1異なる語彙クラス・形態構造(外来語・単純語短縮語・複 合語短縮語)に見られる 3 種類の母音長短中和現象が関連付けて議論されていないこと 2十分な理論分析がされていないこと。本研究の狙いは、これらの 2 つの問題を解消す ることである。具体的には、以下の 2 点を明確にする:1 3 種類の母音長短中和現象は 共通の有標性制約階層で説明出来ること 2 その有標性階層はアドホックなものではな く、2 つの独立した音韻的概念(卓立度、調和的整列)にサポートされていること。
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